Ireland is widely regarded as having some of the cleanest air in Europe, thanks to its Atlantic winds, low population density, and limited heavy industry. In rural areas, the air is exceptionally pure, often ranking among the best in the world.
However, urban air quality in Ireland faces challenges, particularly in Dublin, where traffic emissions and domestic heating can raise AQI levels above the WHO guidelines during certain times of year.
Dublin is the capital and the largest city, where most air quality issues occur. Despite Ireland’s overall clean environment, NO₂ from traffic and PM2.5 from solid fuel burning can temporarily reduce air quality in the city.
The main sources of pollution in Ireland are local and seasonal, rather than industrial:
Ireland has made significant progress in improving air quality since the introduction of the “Smoky Coal Ban” in Dublin in 1990, which was later expanded to other towns and cities. This ban drastically reduced smog and sulfur dioxide pollution.
Today, the government is pushing for cleaner home heating, greater adoption of electric vehicles, and more public transport investment through programs like BusConnects and MetroLink in Dublin.
Historically, Dublin suffered from heavy smog in winter due to widespread coal burning. Since the coal ban, air quality has improved dramatically, and Ireland is now considered a clean air success story in Europe.
Looking forward, Ireland’s transition to renewable energy and its goal to be climate neutral by 2050 will further reduce air pollution across the country.
Ireland’s clean Atlantic air, combined with proactive government measures, makes it one of the healthiest environments in Europe. Tourists often notice the freshness of the Irish air, especially along the west coast and in rural landscapes.